التّبرئة

Acquittance

Difficulty Level

Description

التّبرئة (al-tabarī'ah) is a noun meaning 'acquittance,' 'exoneration,' or 'clearing of charges.' It refers to the act of freeing someone from blame, guilt, or legal liability, often used in legal and formal contexts. This word conveys the idea of being declared innocent or being absolved of responsibility.

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Example Sentences

حكمت المحكمة بتبرئة المتهم من جميع التهم الموجهة إليه.

Hakammat al-mahkamah bi-tabarī'at al-muttaham min jamī' al-tihami al-mawjūhah ilayh.

The court ruled on the acquittance of the accused from all charges brought against him.

نالت التبرئة من الاتهامات الكاذبة بعد سنوات من الكفاح القانوني.

Nālat al-tabarī'ah min al-ittihāmāt al-kādhbah ba'da sinīn min al-kifāh al-qānūnī.

She received acquittance from the false accusations after years of legal struggle.

طلب المحامي تبرئة موكله في جلسة المحكمة الأخيرة.

Talaba al-muhāmī tabarī'at mawkalih fī jalsah al-mahkamah al-ākhīrah.

The lawyer requested the acquittance of his client in the last court session.

كانت التبرئة نتيجة طبيعية للأدلة الحاسمة التي قدمها الدفاع.

Kānat al-tabarī'ah natījah tabī'īyah li-al-adillah al-hāsmah allatī qaddamahā al-difā'.

The acquittance was a natural result of the conclusive evidence presented by the defense.

استقبل المتهم قرار التبرئة بارتياح وفرح عظيم.

Istaqbala al-muttaham qarār al-tabarī'ah bi-irtiyāh wa-farh 'ažīm.

The accused received the acquittance decision with great relief and joy.

Synonyms

البراءة(Innocence; acquittal)الإعفاء(Exemption; pardon)التطهير(Cleansing; purification)

Antonyms

الإدانة(Conviction; condemnation)الاتهام(Accusation; charge)الحكم بالإدانة(Sentencing; guilty verdict)

Related Words

برّأ(To acquit; to exonerate (verb))المحاكمة(Trial; court proceedings)الحكم(Judgment; ruling; sentence)القضاء(Judiciary; justice system)براءة الذمة(Clear conscience; acquittance)

Cultural Notes

In Islamic jurisprudence and modern Arabic legal systems, التبرئة holds significant importance as it represents the principle of innocent until proven guilty. The word is frequently used in formal legal documents, court proceedings, and judicial announcements throughout the Arab world. This concept reflects the Islamic legal tradition's emphasis on protecting the accused's rights and requiring clear evidence for conviction.

Usage Tips

Remember that التبرئة is a formal, legal noun typically used in official contexts such as court rulings and legal documents. It differs from the verb برّأ (to acquit), though they share the same root. When discussing legal matters, use this word to refer to the official decision or declaration of innocence rather than casual references to clearing someone's name.

## Understanding التبرئة (Al-Tabarī'ah) - Acquittance ### Definition and Basic Meaning التبرئة (al-tabarī'ah) is an Arabic noun derived from the root ب-ر-أ (b-r-'), which carries meanings related to clearing, freeing, and exonerating. The word translates to 'acquittance,' 'exoneration,' or 'clearing of charges' in English. It represents the formal legal act of declaring someone innocent and free from the accusations or charges brought against them. This term is fundamental in Arabic legal discourse and appears frequently in court documents, judicial decisions, and legal proceedings across the Arab world. ### Etymology and Root Analysis The root ب-ر-أ (b-r-') forms the foundation of several related words in Arabic that deal with the concepts of clearing, innocence, and liberation. From this root comes: - **برّأ** (barrā'a): The verb meaning 'to acquit' or 'to exonerate' - **البراءة** (al-barā'ah): Meaning 'innocence' or 'acquittal' - **برء** (bur'): Meaning 'cure' or 'healing,' conceptually related to clearing away illness - **بريء** (barī'): An adjective meaning 'innocent' or 'free from' The noun التبرئة specifically emphasizes the action or process of acquitting someone, making it particularly suited for formal legal contexts. ### Legal Context and Usage In modern Arabic legal systems, التبرئة refers to a formal judicial decision declaring the accused person not guilty of the charges. This is a critical concept in both Islamic jurisprudence (Sharī'ah) and contemporary civil law systems adopted in Arab countries. The word appears in court rulings, legal documents, and official pronouncements from the judiciary. When a court issues a decision of التبرئة, it means: - The accused is freed from all charges - The person is declared officially innocent - All legal liability is removed - The person's legal record is cleared of the charges (though this may vary by jurisdiction) ### Grammatical Characteristics التبرئة is a feminine noun (hence the final ة), derived from the form التفعيلة (al-taf'īlah) pattern of verb derivation. In Arabic, nouns ending in ة are typically feminine, so the adjectives and verbs agreeing with it must reflect feminine grammatical gender. This is important when constructing sentences or legal documents using this term. ### Related Legal Terminology When working with التبرئة in legal contexts, it's essential to understand related terms: - **المحاكمة** (al-muhākamah): The trial or court proceedings - **الإدانة** (al-idānah): Conviction or condemnation (opposite of acquittance) - **الحكم** (al-hukm): The judgment or ruling - **الدفاع** (al-difā'): The defense - **الاتهام** (al-ittihām): The accusation or charge - **الأدلة** (al-adillah): The evidence ### Usage in Islamic Jurisprudence In Islamic legal tradition, the principle of presumption of innocence is paramount. The concept of التبرئة aligns with the Islamic legal principle that requires clear and conclusive evidence for conviction. The burden of proof lies with the accuser, and without substantial evidence, the accused should be acquitted. This principle, known as البراءة الأصلية (al-barā'ah al-aslīyah) - original innocence - is a cornerstone of Islamic jurisprudence. ### Modern Usage and Examples Today, التبرئة appears in various modern contexts: 1. **Judicial Announcements**: "أصدرت المحكمة حكماً بتبرئة المتهم" (The court issued a ruling of acquittance for the accused) 2. **Legal Documents**: Court decisions and verdicts regularly use this term 3. **Media Reports**: News coverage of court cases frequently references التبرئة 4. **Political Discourse**: In discussions of justice and fair trials ### Distinguishing التبرئة from Related Terms While التبرئة and البراءة both relate to innocence and acquittal, they have subtle differences: - **التبرئة**: Emphasizes the action or process of acquitting; the official decision - **البراءة**: Can refer to the state of innocence or the principle of innocence itself Similarly, التبرئة differs from الإعفاء (exemption), which may involve pardoning or freeing from obligations, while التبرئة specifically concerns clearing from criminal charges. ### Practical Considerations for Learners When learning to use التبرئة, remember: 1. It's a formal legal term best used in official or serious contexts 2. It specifically refers to official judicial decisions 3. It's always feminine in grammatical gender 4. It commonly appears in the phrase "قرار التبرئة" (acquittance ruling) or "الحكم بالتبرئة" (ruling of acquittance) 5. The related verb برّأ is active voice, while التبرئة emphasizes the noun form ### Conclusion التبرئة is an important Arabic legal term that represents the formal declaration of innocence and freedom from criminal charges. Understanding this word is essential for anyone engaged in legal discourse, studying Arabic law, or following court proceedings in the Arab world. Its usage reflects the importance of justice and fair trials in Arabic and Islamic legal traditions.